Best+Works

In this page are the best works I have. My prediction is that the hypothesis is correct. a lso known as hydroelectricity and is the electrical power generated by energy falling of water, A dam is built to trap water, usually in a valley where there is an existing lake.V iewed as environmental friendly, "a hydroelectric  power   plant uses the force of the water to push a turbine" (S.E. Smith), "water flows n tunnels which then turns a powers a generator, creating electricity which can be used on-site or transport to other regions" (Clara.Net).The amount of power produced is equal to the rate of flow of the water and the vertical distance water falls. According to the Columbia Encyclopedia when there is low electricity the water is pumped upwards to a high level reservoir and when high amounts of electricity is produced the water flows down the reservoir. These energy is also renewable, Hydroelectric power produces 51 % of United States total energy. . Where is El Salvador?  El Salvador is positioned in both the northern and western hemispheres. Located in North America on the western edge of the Central America a the country is bordered by Guatemala, Honduras and the Pacific Ocean. **Latitude/Longitude:** 13° 40' N, 89° 10' W, its capital city is San Salvador. **Land Areas**  Land: 12,875 sq miles (20,720 sq km) Water: 199 sq miles (320 sq km) Total: 13,074 sq miles (21,040 sq km) Coastline: 191 miles (307 km)
 * Hypothesis: There are more costs than benefits of HEP in the Rio Lempa, El Salvador**
 * W ha t is Hydro Electric Power? **



HEP in El Salvador El Salvador has already five hydroelectric power stations, these are all located in the Lempa river, since it is the biggest in El Salvador.

1. Guajoyo dam: it is located in San Salvador in the department of Metapan, it has the capacity to produce 15 megawatts, but now adys it has a capacity of 19.7 megawatts. It has an area of 26.3 km2, it is "33 metres tall and has a tunel of concrete of 6.25 metre of diameter and 300 metres of longitude." (CEL) 2. Cerron Grande: Located at 78 kilometres from San Salvador and between Chalatenango and Cabanas, it is 90 metres tall and 800 meters of longitude, has a capacity of 67.5 megawatts and has an area of 135 km2. "Now it has two generators and each one can generate 170 megawatts." (CEL) 3. 5 de Noviembre: located at 88 kilometres from the north of San Salvador between cabanas and chalatenango, it is 65 meters tall, it has 7 ports, it has 2 generators with a capacity of 30 megawatts, now it has 3 generators with a nominal capacity of 81.4 megawatts, each unit has a different capacity; 1, 2 and 3 have a capacity of 19.7 megawatts and 4 has a capacity of 18.3 megawatts and 5 has a capacity of 21.4 megawatts.

4. 15 de septiembre: located at 90 kilometers from San Salvador between San Vicente and Usulutan. it has two units that both can generate 78.3 megawatts now it can produce 180 megawatts.
 * El Chaparral:**

The hydroelectric dam El Chaparral will be 87.5 meters tall with a longitude of 321 meters, it will have 4 metallic doors which will have the capacity of 6,700 cubic meters, it will have the capacity of 61.1 megawatts, it will be constructed in 50 months according to the CEL people. It will distribute energy to San Luis de la Reina and Carolina as well as San Antonio de Mosco and other communities near the dam. In a year it will generate 232 gigawatts per hour, at its maximum level it will have an elevation of 212 and at its minimum level it will have an elevation of 196. This means that it will be able to bring electricity to an estimate of 200 million homes in the regions already mentioned. " the water will now be recyclable and the water will also be reused in the hydrolectric 15 of September, which will increment its life" said the ex president Antonio Saca in his speech at the place where the hydroelctric dam El Chaparral is going to be constructed.

Why does El Salvador need a 5th HEP?The total amount of the energy provided by hydroelectric power is of 36%, so there are two new plants being constructed and this will be able to apport 351 megawatts to the total energy in El Salvador, so El Chaparral will aport 66 magawatts, so it will increase a 76% to the total enegy. Benefits of the HEP: Social: More homes will be able to have electricity in the cities near the hydroelectric dam and also it will bring more energy to the rural areas at the outsides of the cities. Electricity will cost less and people will have full use of it, as well as they will have the basic uses such as water and energy. Also the homes will be provide with areas to cultivate. The infrastructure will be better because they will construct more homes and more schools with better services. They will also have salaries during the first six months. Economic:The hydroelectric power has less cost in the maintance and in operacions. El salvador will now not need to buy more fuel from other countries becuase hydroelectric dams don´t need it, the water being produced by the hydrolectric El Chaparral will then be used by the other hydrolectric dam called 15th of September and it won´t have a cost. The engineering works when they are constructed have a low cost, but the arquitecture can be durable and so they will not be doing it regularly. The turbine is not a complicated machine and so the materials and not expensive. Environmental: First and most importantly it is renewable energy and it does not harm the environment, the floods being caused will fertilize the soil and it will be easier for the residents in the city to cultivate. It reduces the amount of Carbon Dioxide produced and so it stops Global warming. Disadvantages: Social and Evironmental: As the hydroelectric dam is finished and constructed, the water is reduced and lowers the speed of the water and so the first months there are floods and so the people are forced to move from the place they live. Also many people living there are forced to leave their houses and are given little money for their land. There will also be a lost on the species living there as well as it also increases the erosion. The mosquitoes will also multiply and another epidemy of dengue will take place. Conclusion:My hypothesis was correct so there are more costs than benefits on the construction of El Chaparral, furthermore this is because lots of people will suffer the consecuences.